Eyedropper in Windows

The MacOS colorpicker has an eyedropper tool that can grab colors from anywhere on screen.

How might that be achieved on Windows?

anywhere on screen.

from other apps or desktop i guess today you need a screen read permission by user.
there are few win api methods you find in MSDN docu. Device Context / GetPixel

or one of the Xojo MBS Plugin?

or in your own Xojo App windows via Picture .RGBSurface .Pixel(x,y)
alternative let the user load a picture in Xojo.